USCIS announced on December 4, 2025, that certain Employment Authorization Documents (EADs) will now have shorter validity periods for both initial and renewal applications, affecting many individuals seeking or extending work authorization in the U.S.

USCIS explained that the purpose of these changes is to ensure more frequent vetting, deter fraud, and identify applicants who may pose potential national security risks.

18 Month Validity

The maximum validity period for initial and renewed EADs has changed from five years to 18 months for individuals who fall into any of the following categories:

Admitted as refugees;
Granted asylum;
Granted withholding of deportation or removal;
Have a pending asylum or withholding case;
Have a pending adjustment of status application under INA 245;
Have a pending application for suspension of deportation, cancellation of removal, or relief under the Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act.

Who is Affected?

This rule affects anyone who files or has a pending EAD application (Form I-765) on or after December 5, 2025.

INA 245 is the legal provision that allows certain non-immigrants already in the U.S. to apply for a green card. Thus, this change in validity period largely affects anyone with a pending Form I-485 (Adjustment of Status) application. For example, this impacts applicants in the EB-5 program, as well as individuals seeking green cards through family-based petitions, other employment-based categories (EB-1, EB-2, EB-3), spousal petitions, and more.

Key Concerns

For many AOS applicants, the EAD is essential for working in the U.S. while waiting for green card approval. The new 18-month validity means more frequent renewals, an increased risk of gaps in work authorization if not filed promptly, and higher costs and paperwork due to more frequent filings.

Tips to Avoid Gaps in Work Authorization

File renewal applications early. You can renew your EAD up to 180 days before it expires.
Monitor expiration dates closely. Mark them in a calendar.
Submit renewals at the earliest opportunity to reduce the risk of processing delays.

Taking these steps can help ensure you remain authorized to work without interruption during your immigration process.